5G technology is the fifth generation mobile network that will provide high-speed, secure connectivity, much lower latency (delay), greater network capacity, and greater energy efficiency. The objective set out in the 5G roadmap includes:
  • 10-100x peak data rate
  • 10-30x lower latency
  • 1000x network capacity
  • 10x energy efficiency

5G wireless technology will not change the definition of a wireless network. Rather, it will expand and accelerate what 4G is doing today. The true strength of this technology lies in understanding what 5G technology enables. Therefore, the value of 5G technology lies not in what it is, but in what it enables.
Here is the comparison between 4G and 5G for speed and capacity:


SPEEDCAPACITY
4G LTE<1 Gbit/s100 Mbit/s down – 50 Mbit/s up
5G1-10 Gbit/s1 Gbit/s down – 500 Mbit/s up
From now onwards, manufacturers are going to build only 5G enabled devices. Smartphones are going to be the first 5G enabled devices to hit the market.

What are a 5G frequency range and wavelength?

5G makes use of Millimeter-wave where:
  • Frequency Range: 30GHz to 300GHz
  • Wavelength: 10mm to 1mm
  • Spectrum availability: ~100GHz
However, this high-frequency millimeter-wavelength has some shortcomings. For starters, you can't travel long distances. Millimeter wavelengths cannot penetrate walls, windows, or buildings. This means that the device operating at a millimeter-wavelength must be close to the 5G tower to pick up a signal.

What is the 5G hardware requirement?

New technology demands new hardware, and 5G is no exception. In 5G enable phones, there is a small wireless network radio called 5G New Radio. Also, the towers of the past cannot be used to work with 5G technology. This is because 5G technology works at millimeter wavelengths. It cannot travel far and it cannot penetrate buildings. To overcome this disability, operators implement an ultra-dense network of what they call SMALL CELLS.

What are the benefits of 5G Network?


    1. High-speed transmission: The speed in the 5G network can reach up to 15 Gbps in transmission speed.
    2. Low latency: Latency is measured by calculating how long it takes for a signal to travel from source to destination and then again. On the 5G network, latency will be much lower compared to the 4G LTE network. Round-trip data transmission will take less than 5 milliseconds.
    3. Increased bandwidth: the architecture of the 5G network is designed in such a way that it allows better optimization of network traffic. Therefore, it has the ability to carry large amounts of data compared to its predecessor.
    4. Coverage: guaranteed signal availability in places with difficult access.
    5. IoT: Connected devices, autonomous or autonomous vehicles will leverage 5G network technology infrastructure to achieve the mission of a smarter, more secure, and connected world.
    Will 5G comes to India:

    5G networks were once expected to be launched in India by late 2020 or early 2021, but it's now highly unlikely that this could happen before mid-2021.

    An article by Munna Suprathik