What happens when you type a URL? It is a misleading question commonly asked in technical interviews. If you search online, there are many very detailed resources, but few concise explanations of how a web browser, a server, and the Internet in general work together.
In simple format
  1. You enter a URL into a web browser
  2. The browser looks up the IP address for the domain name via DNS
  3. The browser sends a HTTP request to the server
  4. The server sends back a HTTP response
  5. The browser begins rendering the HTML
  6. The browser sends requests for additional objects embedded in HTML (images, css, JavaScript) and repeats steps 3-5.
  7. Once the page is loaded, the browser sends further async requests as needed.
In complete way
When you type "https://techmadpro.blogspot.com" in your browser, the first thing that happens is that a domain name server (DNS) matches "wsvincent.com" with an IP address. Then the browser sends an HTTP request to the server and the server sends an HTTP response. The browser starts rendering the HTML on the page while requesting additional resources like CSS, JavaScript, images, etc. Each subsequent request completes a request / response cycle and is in turn processed by the browser. Then once the page loads, some sites (although not mine) will make more asynchronous requests. If you asked me to explain more, I could start talking about how the server and browser connect via TCP. And we could also discuss encryption over https.

An article by Munna Suprathik